The Site That Tells You All About The Building Regulations In South Africa
SANS10400.org.za Introduction
The Building Regulations are a set of guidelines and standards that govern the construction of buildings, ensuring the safety and well-being of those who use them. In South Africa, the primary Building Regulations are contained within the SANS 10400 series, which are developed and maintained by the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS). These building standards cover a wide range of topics, from fire safety and electrical installations, to energy efficiency and accessibility for people with disabilities.
SANS 10400 provides the framework for building regulations in South Africa, and it is essential that all construction work adheres to these standards. The aim of SANS 10400 is to ensure that buildings are safe, healthy, and sustainable, while also protecting the environment and preserving our natural resources.
Construction laws in South Africa are also closely tied to building regulations, and it is a legal requirement that all buildings be constructed in accordance with the SANS 10400 series. This includes both new builds and renovations, as well as extensions and alterations to existing buildings. Building contractors, architects, and engineers are all responsible for ensuring that their work meets these regulations, and failure to do so can result in legal action and penalties.
The SANS 10400 series covers a wide range of topics, including the construction of walls, roofs, and foundations, as well as the installation of electrical and plumbing systems. It also covers fire safety, ensuring that buildings are equipped with fire alarms, smoke detectors, and fire-resistant doors, among other things. Additionally, the series provides guidelines for energy efficiency, ensuring that buildings are designed and constructed in a way that minimizes their energy consumption and reduces their carbon footprint.
Another important aspect of SANS 10400 is accessibility for people with disabilities. The regulations outline the minimum requirements for buildings to be accessible, such as ramps, wide doors, and grab rails in bathrooms, making it possible for people with disabilities to use and enjoy the building.

Building regulations and standards play a vital role in ensuring the safety, well-being, and sustainability of buildings in South Africa. The SANS 10400 series provides the framework for these regulations, and it is the responsibility of all those involved in the construction industry to ensure that their work meets these standards. By adhering to SANS 10400, we can help to create buildings that are safe, healthy, and sustainable for everyone.
South Africa’s National Building Regulations (NBR) were originally produced as a set of functional guidelines for anybody building any type of structure. They were not intended to be prescriptive in terms of what people should build, but they do stipulate important dos and don’ts – many of which are in fact mandatory. So if you are planning to build, this is a document you should familiarise yourself with.
While the NBR are only available from the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS), sans10400.org.za has a mission to make it easier for the general public to understand what these regulations are and how they affect us all. If you want to know more about these important regulations, have a look at the drop-down menu under SANS 10400-NBR (SA). Each of the regulations listed here is published as a separate document by the SABS. The size of each published document and its cost can be found at the SABS Online Standards Webstore.
Please be aware that while the topics featured on sans10400.org.za are those found in the regulations, we have not duplicated the regulations. Instead, we have discussed the issues the regulations cover in easy-to-understand pages. Also, note that we are in no way associated with the SABS.
Parts of the South African National Building Regulations (NBR)
The Building Regulations are divided into 23 chapters as follows:
Part A: General Principles and Requirements,
Part B: Structural Design,
Part C: Dimensions,
Part D: Public Safety,
Part E: Demolition Work,
Part F: Site Operations,
Part G: Excavations,
Part H: Foundations,
Part J: Floors,
Part K: Walls,
Part L: Roofs,
Part M: Stairways,
Part N: Glazing,
Part O: Lighting and Ventilation,
Part P: Drainage,
Part Q: Non-water-borne Sanitary Disposal,
Part R: Stormwater Disposal,
Part S: Facilities for Disabled Persons,
Part T: Fire Protection,
Part U: Refuse Disposal,
Part V: Space Heating,
Part W: Fire Installation
Parts X & XA: Energy Usage
Construction Elements & more
We are constantly adding blog posts that relate to these chapter headings to provide our readers with further information. You will find these under the drop-down menu Construction Elements. Some of these posts include personal experience and/or case history-type articles that share what others have experienced in terms of the regulations. We have also included an A to Z Glossary of Definitions and Terms used in the NBR to help you understand the meaning of the various terms used in the context of the legislation and national standards.
We have a free downloads page where you can access various documents, including a variety of Department of Public Works Guidelines:
- The National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act. This is the original legislation published in 1977 that governs all building and construction work in South Africa. Various updates have been made since this time, and these are also available for download.
- Guide for Architects Concerning Drainage Water and Storm-water Drainage.
- Standard Electrical, Mechanical & Architectural Guidelines for the Design of Accessible Buildings including Facilities for Disabled Persons.
- Hardware sample list (guidelines for the required finishes etc. of hardware when submitting tenders).
- A “Norms Calculator” for quantity surveyors.
- Drainage Details that provide guidelines in the form of technical drawings covering most aspects of drainage.

More Links…
Feel free to browse the site. To help you get orientated, here are a few articles that you may find useful:
Building Extensions
Alterations & Additions
SANS 10400X & XA – Energy Use In Buildings
Boundary Walls & Fences
New Electric Fence Laws
Waterproofing Roofs
Stormwater Disposal
Download Regulations
NHBRC Questions & Answers
Competent Person
Concrete Mixes
Concrete Mixes – By Weight & By Volume
Owner Building – The Pros & Cons
In the drop-down menu under the free downloads you will also find Links to several local South African websites of interest including:
- NHBRC (National Home Builders Registration Council),
- SAIA (The South African Institute of Architects)
- SABS (The South African Bureau of Standards)
These contain some information about the NBR.
International links on our Links Page will take you to information-rich sites such as the International Building Code (IBC) and the International Code Council (ICC) entries on Wiki (or you can go directly to the ICC here).
If there is something specific you need guidance on, please post a comment on the relevant page and we’ll see if and how we can help.

many thanks for your help
Mari, I think you need an attorney who has experience in the building industry. I really can’t give you any further advice. My opinion is that the council is way out of line. It goes much further than responsibility and accountability. I would get affidavits from people you know who can concur that you did not build ANYTHING after the occupancy certificate was issued. Even write a letter stating the facts, and ask people to sign it. But include a paragraph that states they are willing to sign an affidavit if necessary.
eg
xxxxxx (details of the house – address and stand no. etc)
I ….. confirm that when Mari XXXXX purchased her home in XXXXX the house and all other structures that are currently on the stand were in place. I visited her at her home shortly after she moved in, and can vouch that nothing has been built since then. If required I am willing to sign an affidavit to this effect.
Yours sincerely,
……. (signature)
……. (name)
……. (contact number)
Hi Penny thanks for your response. Unfortunately the Agent died of cancer and the Agency closed down. I have taken your advise and contacted Attorneys but to add to my dilemma I have been given different interpretations on a Building Inspector’s duty and responsibility for issuing a CO. Since I need to be certain about my stand, as the Buyer of the property which was developed/built up as it stand today for more than 5 years now and for which a CO was issued. As mentioned before, the Council is now accusing me to have erected additional structures without Council’s approval (no structures were erected since the issue of the CO). For this I would need to find a paper or an authority in this field to obtain a clear definition of a Building Inspector’s responsibility/accountability. Your help would be highly appreciated.
C
C
Yes Mari I think it would be a good idea to go to an attorney. Also, I think that the agent has a responsibility if the revised building plan was supplied by that person. They are the experts and should have advised you that the plans had not been passed. However, the other factor is that you did not build the structures – and you should get an affidavit from the agent to state that the buildings/structures were in place when you purchased the property. Good luck and let us know what happens.
Hi Penny
Thank you for your advise. Yes, the summons issued states that the Owner (I am the owner) unlawfully and intentionally built/additional to the house a garage, boundary wall and positioned a security gate which encroached HOA Property. A copy of a revised building plan showing the structures in question was given to me by the Agent who handled the transaction at the time, however, I noticed the copy of the plan has no Council stamps on it so I do not see that it would have any argumental value. The Purchase Agreement handled by the Agent in my absence makes no reference to specific structures or alterations which formed part of the negotiated package and is basic in its format. Council started to act at the same time the Owner/Developer of the adjacent Erf started to developed it. I have already submitted rider plans but the unapproachable and aggressive Owner of the adjacent Erf complicates the issue. I was under the impression that a Certificate of Occupancy issued by the Authority would safeguard a buyer. I was naïve to belief this and to protect my interest in this regard I give strong consideration to protect my interest by engaging Legal Experts
Mari, Have they told you what structures do not comply? And do you still have the plans from the building package you opted for? Are they claiming that you have erected certain structures since the certificate was issued? And are there structures on your property that are totally different to those on other properties on the same estate?
While it certainly was the building inspector’s job to make sure the building/s complied before issuing the certificate, if they are saying you did building work subsequently, you need to counter this. If you have proof from the original building package you accepted, that will probably be sufficient. If the structures in question are the same or similar to others on other properties, this will also count in your favour. The thing to do is to sign an affidavit (get it stamped at a police station) stating that the property is exactly as it was when you took ownership. To strengthen this, get other people to do the same for you.
Lastly, do you know why the council is suddenly taking this action, and have they made any demands of you – e.g. to submit a rider plan?
Justin, It seems clear from what you say that he is building without plans. And in most parts of SA anyone wanting to build on a boundary needs neighbour’s consent. While some of the extensions may be deemed minor building works, he is obliged to notify the local authority that he is doing such work.
I suggest you contact the main building control officer – or chief building inspector – at your local council/municipality and ask them to do a site inspection. You might also want to put an objection into the council – in writing – about the building on your boundary.
Approximately 5 years ago I purchased a property in a Security Estate (Building package) from the Developer who erected all buildings and structures as it stands today. Although I am in possession of a Certificate of Occupancy was issued by the Council to the Developer at the time, I am now notified by the Council alleging that I have contravene the Building Regulation Act by unlawfully and intentionally erected additional structures without written approval of the Council (this of course is not the case). It would appear that the site plan on file at the Council does not correspond with the actual structures erected on site. Surely it was the Building Inspector’s duty at the time to demand compliance from the Developer before issuing the Certificate of Occupancy. The Developer who was a Member of the Gauteng Master Builder Association has since liquidated the Company. The question I have is – WHAT IS MY LEGAL OBLIGATION IN THIS CASE? WHAT IS NEEDED TO REMEDY THE DISCREPANCY?
Johannes, the regulation you are quoting relates to construction work. I think that you need to contact your local authority to find out about by-laws that relate to the sort of noise you are referring to – music, loud speakers etc. Good luck.
83 Substitute the title of Regulation F6 with the following:
CONTROL OF UNREASONABLE LEVELS OF DUST AND NOISE
84 Substitute sub-regulation F6(2)(a) and F6(2)(b) with the following and renumber F6(2)(c) as
F6(2)(b):
(2) (a) No person shall during the course of any building, demolition or excavation work
use any machine, machinery, engine, apparatus, tool or contrivance, which in the
opinion of the local authority may unreasonably disturb or interfere with the amenity of
the neighbourhood:
(i) on a public holiday or Sunday
(ii) before 06:00 or after 17:00 on any Saturday; and
(iii) before 06:00 or after 18:00 on any day other than those days contemplated in
subparagraphs (i) and (i)
Does this apply to loud speakers mounted on a roof of a building?
Hi there
What can be done to a neighbor that is building/expanding there house with no plans? I asked him about the plans an he said the builders knows what he is doing. :\ I have a neighbor that removed the sink roof and build a tile roof on the existing house but the house levels needed to be raised to be able to do this and he has expanded he garages to 3 garages on our boundary wall?
Thanks in advanced
Thank you Penny
Jaco I doubt very much that any insurance company will pay for bad building standards. But you can of course try. And unfortunately, due to the time span since you purchased the property, I don’t think there is anyone you can claim against in terms of liability.
Hi,
I bought a house 16yrs ago and the pine trusses span 12m and spaced 1m appart with a double Roman tile roof. Now the roof is saggging to a dangerous degree.
Can I claim from my insurance since incorrect standards were used when building the roof. It looks like the lounge was made open plan en a mid wall was removed hence the long span.
Thank you
Jaco
Good luck!
haha, yeah iam doing a project. single storeys are better but they both have their ups and downs. thanks
Rogers I am not an architect with that kind of training. You’re going to have to do some of your own research. Sounds to me like you’re doing an assignment 😉
hi again. would it be better to construct a single storey or double storey if im looking at it from a green buildings perspective and what reasons would either be better?
Unreasonable noise levels is covered in site operations. I have given you the link. The actual wording from the regulations says: “The owner of any land on which excavation work is in progress or on which any building is being erected or demolished shall take precautions in the working area and on surrounding roads and footways to limit to a reasonable level the amount of dust arising from the work or surroundings thereof.” So certainly not the lifespan of the building – unless you are referring to something else – because I don’t see the phrase: “during the course of a building “.
In the context of noise?
Johannes in what context?
Hi Penny,
what does during the course of a building mean? Does it mean during construction or during the life span of the building?
Regards
Johannes
Liezl you should not be doing anything with electrics unless you have a qualified and registered person working for you. IT IS DANGEROUS! That’s why the legislation is in place. You need to ask for the certifications relating to electrics. The seller is very definitely responsible for rewiring unless you buy the house, accepting that the electrics are not up to standard. Do NOT conclude your deal until you have agreed who is responsible. You could end up with HUGE problems. The fact that the seller bought the house has zero to do with it.
Hi Penny,
I’m in the process of buying a house, I’ve already started alterations with the current owner’s permission but I’ve now realised that all the wiring in the house has to be redone as it basically crumbles in your hands. Would the seller be responsible for the cost of rewiring the entire house? I’ve tried to read up on it, but I’m unsure about what the latest legislation is. I know he has to produce an electrical certificate that’s no older than 2 years, but I want to be sure about who’ll be carrying the cost of rewiring. By the way, the seller bought the house on auction and never lived there himself.
Thanks so much,
Liezl
Juliet you can have rider plans drawn up by a competent person. You then submit them in the usual way. Presuming you followed good building practices, you should be okay. BTW if they were not structural alterations – e.g. partitioning rooms or removing non-load bearing walls, you don’t need to submit plans.